Virstatin is a compound used as a molecular building block.

Pyruvic acid is an intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates proteins and fats. In thiamine deficiency its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues especially in nervous structures.

Neocnidilide is an alkyl phthalate derived from Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong with the ability to inhibit the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi and to kill insects.